Memory & Cognitive Evaluation
Memory Loss Evaluation With a Neurologist
Memory change has many possible causes. Some reflect normal aging, some come from treatable medical problems such as thyroid disease, vitamin deficiency, medication effects, sleep apnea or depression, and some represent an early neurodegenerative condition. A neurological evaluation is how those possibilities are separated.
Memory changes that deserve evaluation
- Repeating questions or stories within a short period
- Forgetting recent conversations, appointments or events entirely
- Increasing difficulty managing medications, bills or directions
- Word-finding trouble that is worsening
- Getting lost in familiar places
- Family members noticing change before the patient does
Causes that are important to look for
A careful evaluation looks first for contributors that can be improved. Identifying and treating them can meaningfully change how a person thinks and functions, even when another condition is also present.
- Thyroid abnormalities and vitamin B12 deficiency
- Medication side effects, including sedatives and anticholinergic medications
- Sleep disorders, especially obstructive sleep apnea
- Depression, anxiety and chronic stress
- Vascular disease, hypertension, diabetes and prior strokes
- Neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease
How the evaluation is performed
- Detailed history, ideally with a family member or close friend present
- Complete neurological examination
- Cognitive and memory testing to characterize the pattern of change
- Laboratory studies
- Brain imaging when appropriate
- Biomarker testing when clinically indicated
- Scheduled follow-up so change over time can be measured
Lifestyle and cognitive health
Memory care does not end with a diagnosis. Blood pressure, cholesterol and diabetes control, regular physical activity, treatment of sleep apnea, hearing correction, social engagement and a Mediterranean- or MIND-style dietary pattern are all associated with brain health as people age.
These measures are not a guarantee against dementia, and they do not replace medical treatment. They are part of a complete plan, and they are discussed in every memory visit alongside diagnosis and medication decisions.
What happens after the evaluation
- A clear explanation of what the testing showed and what it did not
- Treatment of reversible contributors
- Medication discussion when appropriate for the diagnosis
- Safety planning for driving, medications and finances when needed
- Family and caregiver guidance
- Follow-up intervals matched to the diagnosis
When evaluation should be urgent
Frequently asked questions
- Is forgetfulness always the start of dementia?
- No. Many people with memory complaints have normal testing, and many others have a treatable contributor such as a medication effect, sleep disorder, thyroid abnormality or depression. Testing is what separates these possibilities.
- Should I bring a family member?
- Yes, when possible. A family member often provides details about day-to-day function that are difficult to describe alone, and that information is one of the most useful parts of the visit.
- Do I need a referral?
- Many patients are referred by their primary care physician, and many contact the office directly. Insurance requirements vary, so it is worth confirming with your plan.
- Where are patients seen?
- In-person evaluations are available in Crystal Lake and Woodstock, Illinois and in Lake Geneva, Wisconsin, serving McHenry County, the northwest Chicago suburbs and southern Wisconsin.
Request a Neurology Appointment
Text 815-276-7050 with your first name and the word "appointment," or call 815-337-7100 to schedule. Our office will follow up to confirm your evaluation.
In-person visits and televisits (telehealth) are both available.
What happens after you text
Text 815-276-7050 with your first name and the word "appointment." Our office calls you back to schedule — you do not need to fill out a form.
When you'll hear back
Texts and calls received during office hours are typically returned the same business day. You can also call 815-337-7100 directly.
Insurance and referrals
Insurance participation and referral requirements vary by plan. Our office will confirm what your plan requires before your visit.
Please do not send urgent or emergency medical information by text. If you believe you are experiencing a medical emergency, call 911 or seek emergency medical attention. Please avoid sending sensitive medical information by ordinary SMS unless instructed otherwise.